Keywords
Aristolochia schippii
Bothrops asper
Agkistrodon bilineatus
Antiviperins
Antimyotoxic
UPLC-Ms
Antiproteolytic
How to Cite
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate some antiviperin actions of A. schippii against the venoms of A. bilineatus and B. asper and their phytochemical characterization. A qualitative phytochemical march and phytochemical characterization by UPLC-MS, acute oral toxicity (OECD 423), antihemolytic evaluation in blood agar plates, and antiproteolytic evaluation in casein, at different venom:extract w/w ratios, were performed. Additionally, antimyotoxic activity at doses of 600, 900, and 1,200 mg/kg was evaluated by quantification of CK-MB activity and histology. The results qualitatively evidenced alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, and cardiotonic glycosides; furthermore, aristolochic acid and a bioactive antineoplastic compound, 10-hydroxycamptothecin, were detected by UPLC-MS. No signs of toxicity or lethality were evidenced at a dose of 2,000 mg/kg. The antihemolytic and antiproteolytic activity decreased significantly (P < 0.05), without following a dose-dependent venom-extract relationship. The antimyotoxic activity showed partial protection against B. asper at a dose of 600 mg/kg and against A. bilineatus at a dose of 1,200 mg/kg (P < 0.05). The histological study showed partial protection due to an improvement in structural organization and low evidence of myonecrosis, as well as the presence of edema in the musculoskeletal system. It is concluded that the ethanolic extract showed the presence of different metabolites such as flavonoids, coumarins, and reducing sugars, while UPLC-MS revealed two bioactive components with possible antiviperin activity: aristolochic acid and 10-hydroxycamptothecin. The extract showed partial protection against hemolytic, proteolytic, and myotoxic activities.
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